I'll second the pallets. Adding FHM's will tell you if you have a lot of fish or next to none as the FHM population over the course of the summer will explode if you don't have a fish population (or next to none). If you have a decent amount of fish...FHM reproduction will not show up near as explosive.

Here is what worked very well for me in my 1/4 acre pond. Seven stacks of 2 or 3 pallets, all separated by bricks to maximize the horizontal flat surfaces. I think the lay their eggs on the bottom side of the boards. I can't say if I had too many or two few stacks, but by the end of the summer I could walk across the water on the backs of the minnows. lol

Please note that I had to add several more cinder blocks to the top pallets as some of them went rogue and floated around the pond. I'd say a good rule of thumb is at least one cinder block per pallet in the stack.

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Fish on!,
Noel