I built a wood floating log for turtles some time ago and the problem I had was the wood waterlogged over time and begin to sink. Extruded polystyrene foam board used for building you see in Lowes or Menards
will last and not waterlog. The raft below has been left in the pond year around and this is starting it's 4th year. I hardened the surface with a heat gun but as you can see the turtles crape the surface off with use. A better idea would be to lay a rubber matting of some kind over the surface. The day before yesterday when we had a 60 degree day I counted three turtles on it. This morning it was below freezing. Last year I counted 11 turtles on it at one time. Frogs also like the island as do birds.

Extruded polystyrene foam board