Pond Boss Forums STOCKING A NEW POND Types of fish to choose New 1acre NW OHIO need tips

Hi all,
Just finished around a 1.2 acre pond in NW Ohio. It is around 12-14 deep with a swim end. I've placed about 12 rock/boulder/concrete/brick piles around 8-10ft mark in the deep end. About to start building a deck that overhangs the pond about 6-7 foot. Looking for tips on more structure (type/depth) and some stocking tips. I've been reading non-stop but not getting good info to make a decision. I want to fish and harvest my pond. I'd love to have perch/walleye/crappie, but not necessarily in any priority. I understand that I may not be able to do all of them. Not overly interested in LMB or Cats, but looking for experience that could help me succeed in a having a great fishing pond beyond your normal Ohio farm pond. Spoke with Shelby fish and he suggested pellet trained perch...thoughts on that? I also read that walleye will not spawn in a pond, any experience on this?

Also, I have not created any structure on the bottom flat part. I did install a drum aerator, but with around 2.5ft of water in the bottom deep hole already, I am running out of time to create in those areas so any tips would be appreciated.

I know, lots of questions but appreciate all feedback!!!

Have you considered a SMB/YP/RES pond? That would be something different but you would need to leave LMB and BG out.

I really hadn't considered SMB....that would be awesome though! Would they shred the YP? Great idea though, get the best of both worlds on eating and sport catching. I'll have to check on stocking availability. Do you think I should change up my structure strategy? I'm trying to stay organic and no plastics. Currently gathering blocks from a demo'd silo and building small 3'Lx1'Hx1W tunnels on the sides facing up the banks. That along with the rock piles I've made. Got some huge boulders out when digging the pond that I pushed back in.

I feel like I have an amazing opportunity here and don't want to miss anything.

Thought of something else on the SMB line....should I stock crayfish? Can I just get them out of the river, acclimate and cut them loose?

I have a SMB/YP pond and added papershell crayfish because they do better in ponds than river-adapted species. They need cover like riprap to do best. The SMB need specific spawning structures constructed of rocks as described elsewhere on this forum, and these have worked to allow spawning for me. Perhaps start another thread on SMB to get others to chime in. Adding fathead minnows up front is always good to help the initial stockers to chow down when they are added. Fun combination!

SMB spawning structure


Crayfish jetty before raising water level to submerge


Neighbor with some fish from my pond


Two at a time!


Friend's son with a YP from my pond through the ice

Awesome, thanks for the info!

Before stocking I think you have a lot more homework and stuff to learn, if you want to do this right for a non-BG-LMbass pond AND have a HIGH QUALITY fishery. There are lots and lots of good education, owner’s experiences, and very good discussions on this forum for your topics of no BG nor LMbass. More knowledge is good. Become familiar with the threads in our Common Q&A archives section.
https://forums.pondboss.com/ubbthreads.php?ubb=postlist&Board=22&page=1

Structures. There is a lot to learn for this topic. Structure and refuge areas as habitats for small fish are best not placed in deep and deepest water. Small fish in the sport fish community do not hang out and feed in deep and deepest areas. Deep areas are where a lot of the hungry lions hang out, being there if you are small is bad news. You want most of the habitat placed in the littoral zones where about all small fish NATURALLY hang out for food, protection & cover. You should imitate those zones for creating high quality fisheries. Good habitat that amounts of 15% to 25% of shoreline distance increases pond productivity and more & larger fish. Learn more about this in the links below.

Why are you opposed to plastic types of structures????? There are lots of benefits to plastic based materials. Plastics can create important and valuable dense structures. Wood rots with time. After a few to several years most all tree limbs except 1.5”+ size stems of a tree are fairly quickly decayed. This then makes dense cover into fluffy cover and not as of an important refuge habitat. More time decays the larger limbs until mostly just trunk remains. The long term life span for tree structures is relatively short unless you enjoy annually adding more materials. Learn the difference between fish attractors and refuge areas. Fish attractors are more for the anglers and not for significantly improving productivity, enlarging the forage base and the improving the fishery. Know the concept and purpose of both types; then build or create and place it in proper locations.

https://www.buzzsprout.com/976324/3322504-episode-001-fish-habitats?t=0

https://www.buzzsprout.com/976324/1...and-fish-habitat-for-lakes-and-ponds?t=0

Crayfish - There are lots to know before dumping river crayfish into your pond. Some river crayfish are good some not so good and are some bad,,,, all similar to randomly adding all the species of river fish to your pond including carp, bullheads, CC, all sunfishes, bass, gar, goldfish, shad, crappie, suckers, etc. Do you know how many crayfish species there are in Ohio? At least 20. Not all crayfish species are equal – know the species and its life style habits before adding it. Some crays build chimneys and tunnels some don’t. Some grow too large as optimum forage. Some are more aggressive than others. The river fish are easy to identify but not so easy for the various crayfish species of rivers, creeks, & ditches. Knowledge is good. Papershell crayfish (Orconectes immunis) has proven to be the best species for pond stocking as an overall forage benefit. . Use the habitat big rock peninsula idea of PB member RAH or a few lengthy, course rock (8”-14”) - bolder, shoreline areas to benefit and nurture crayfish and small fish and increase pond productivity. A few scattered rock piles are not adequate habitat for long term survival of crayfish.

FISH COMBINATIONS- Learn what sport fish and forage fish NATURALLY WORK WELL TOGETHER. Then decide which ones you prefer. then manage them in that direction. Putting fish together that are not BEST compatible combinations decreases the overall quality and potential of the whole fish community. Fishes working against each other are counter-productive and do not enhance the entire community. Think long term fishery even if it involves periodic restocking of some of the put and take species for making the best tool box. All the species should be useful tools in the pond management tool box.

The very best stocking procedure to grow the best sport fishery is to first stock forage species,,,,,, allow them to breed reproduce for 6 to 12 months then stock the predators who then grow like GANG BUSTERS. Then it is your job as manager to keep them growing the best they can be. Usually what happens in most ponds is these fast growing predators hit the "growth rate wall" and the grow dramatically slows down as the forage base is decimated by too many reproducing predators eating too much food, and not enough new small predators are harvested, and serious forage fish reductions happen and then limit the growth of all rapidly growing too many predators. Too many predators and lack of PROPER harvest is often the main problem. Too many HOGS feeding at the trough.

A good and proper slot limit harvest is required for producing long term high quality fisheries. Do not let the predators over eat the forage base. Fish density monitoring is key to long term fishery success.

Yes it is very rare that normal or regular pond conditions will allow walleye(WE) and hybrid striped bass(HSB) eggs to even hatch and the fry to survive to make 10” WE. This is why the DNR is always restocking WE. Natural recruitment can be done but it takes using special conditions. Use the WE & HSB as a put and take fish as more tools in the pond mgmt tool box. Learn the benefits pros and cons of hybrid striped bass. IMO - they are a great tool as a sport pond fish.

These fish species can work well together: smallmouth (SMB), HSB, WE, yellow perch(YP), redear sunfish(RES), and maybe specklebelly(SBS). Usually hybrid bluegills are usually not suggested for 1ac+ ponds. All fish are tools and know what each is best used or good for. Know each species needs and behaviors including proper available forage foods for each species and then do what it takes to provide that as abundant continual forage items for better chances of success. Nurture the foods so the crop grows to be the best it can be. Now is the time to be building some SMB spawning nest structures if SMB are stocked.
https://forums.pondboss.com/ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&Number=92626#Post92626

https://forums.pondboss.com/ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&Number=133203

If you decide to use black crappie(BCP),,, you first should establish HSB to 12”-14” then add only HYBRID crappie and IMO never add regular reproducing BCP or be prepared to have fishery balance troubles with lots of stunted 6” BCP. It is also best to use LMB to best control numbers of BCP. And don’t ask me then for help but go to the uninformed person that sold the BCP. For just a few or several bonus BCP you could stock just males or just female BCP, but not both types! I wrote a PB article about this topic. I also have written PBoss magazine articles on growing YP, SMB, and WE.

https://forums.pondboss.com/ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&Number=92447#Post92447

Remember you and your pond are growing an animal crop. Animal crops need to be fed, managed and harvested for producing the best quality crop.
Shelby Fish Farm and Brehm’s Perch farm have some of the best stocker fish in western Ohio.

Read and learn about over fishing, shy bite, and producing hook smart fish and how it all relates to fish harvest. What is said below about LMbass also applies well to other species. CC have been said to be the ‘smartest’ pond fish. However what actually is probably happening is the CC have the best chemo-receptors all over their body to detect chemical alarm signals from hooked fish.

Largemouth Catchability - Hook Smart - Hook Shy
Fish behavior patterns do exist and IMO their behavior is fairly complex. They respond to external stimuli. But can they learn from past experience or from watching other bass/fish? Many think this is true.

Bass and other fish IMO and experience do have the ability to learn from their experiences and a percentage of every year class are what I will call dumb and smart. Some people will call this conditioning not learning. Some can be caught numerous times. Some can only be caught one time or a few times during their life span. Some people have claimed that a few bass from every spawn will never bite a hook. It was speculated in the study that these elusive bass "leared" or were conditioned by watching other fish get caught.

The "dumb" ones could be classed or called overly aggressive, fast growers and willing to bite most any lure put in front of them. Studies have shown that willingness of bass to bite lures is an inherited trait. Some may not be fast growers but they are still vulnerable to recapture and they are just slow to learn about lures and the negative experience of "jaw jerking" from anglers. Some bass/fish in heavily fish water are very hard to catch no matter what lure is used. When one repetedly uses the same lure in the same small pond it becomes hard and harder catch fish. Put on a new lure and something the fish have not seen the catch rate often increases. What does this say about those fish in the pond?

Hook Shy Topics:
http://forums.pondboss.com/ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&Number=89680&page=1

Overfishing And Hook Shy Bass with Angling Hints from Basslover
http://forums.pondboss.com/ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&Number=465502#Post465502

Over fishing vs over harvest
http://forums.pondboss.com/ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&Number=21209#Post21209

Too Much Fishing Pressure?
http://forums.pondboss.com/ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&Number=21676#Post21676

Improving LMB catachability
http://forums.pondboss.com/ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&Number=22189#Post22189

Catchability of F1 bass and other bass
http://forums.pondboss.com/ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&Number=58233&page=2

Northern Bass Inferior? Maybe not and Catchability of Both Strains.
http://forums.pondboss.com/ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&Number=487836&#Post487836

LMB Catchability article in PBoss Mag - Willis & Cody
http://www.sdstate.edu/nrm/outreach/pond...ar-Apr-2006.pdf

Several scientific studies have examined this topic. Below are links for more reading about this topic.

http://forums.pondboss.com/ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&Number=306520#Post306520

Hook Shy Fish in Fee Fishing Operations
https://srac.tamu.edu/index.cfm/event/getFactSheet/whichfactsheet/129/

Prey Selection - Learning vs Conditioning by LMB
http://forums.pondboss.com/ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&Number=279559&page=1

Are Bass Smart? PBoss article by Ralph Manns and Bob Lusk
https://www.pondboss.com/news/free-articles/how-smart-are-bass---by-ralph-manns

Feeding Pellets, Angling & Catchability
http://forums.pondboss.com/ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&Number=291973&page=1

Pellet Fed and Hook Shy
http://forums.pondboss.com/ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&Number=150311

Reducing hook shy bass - Options
http://forums.pondboss.com/ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&Number=395378#Post395378

Basslover tells how he catches hook shy bass:
PBMember - Basslover says: In very clear water I'm landing bass on night crawlers and shiners the overwhelming majority of the time. I have some success with artificial lures, including; worms, spinnerbaits, crankbaits, jerkbaits, and poppers/plugs/jitterbugs. Hard to beat the real thing though.

Basslover goes on to say - I vary the speed and technique of my retrieval as well. I'm not the type that repeats the same cast to the same spot with same retrieval and technique. Slow, super slow, medium, fast. Steady, stop-n-go, jerk, pull. Etc. I haven't a problem yet with hook shy. My bass in my pond that is very clear water are hesitant at times. They can see the hook, sometimes they nudge the worm around and if they identify the hook no dice. If they see you,, it becomes much more difficult to induce a strike. So you become excellent at long casts, hiding, and patience. I also sometimes chum the water - I toss in worms or shiners and since they eat without consequence I then can entice a strike by tossing one in with a hook. I also chum the water at times for the bluegills. I find the feeding frenzy of the bluegills gets the bass active and they want in. So in the middle of this I will then target a bass and usually land one.
I'll throw in mealworms and small red wigglers to stir up the panfish. All that feeding gets my bass aggressive. Then I'll toss in a large nightcrawler on a hook and often land a bass. But I also throw in many non-hooked nightcrawlers (or shiners when fishing with them) so the bass eat without being hooked. And I also spend time in and around the pond without doing any fishing.
Cody Note - Basslover is being creative and being smarter than the bass. That concept and type of creative thinking is often needed for success when dealing with hook smart fish and 'over fished' ponds.

If the pond will be used as a swimming pond I wouldn't stock the Specklebelly Sunfish. I'd be concerned about the BG genes causing it to nip at swimmers.

If I was starting with a new pond, I'd put the plastic fish habitat in vs. the organic. The plastic will last a lot longer, add less nutrients to the pond, will be less work in the long run, and I feel will be better for the fish population. You can put the small, medium and large opening cover where it will do the most good and you won't have to be replacing it every few years as it decomposes.

esshup says - "If the pond will be used as a swimming pond I wouldn't stock the Specklebelly Sunfish"..

Okay this is a good comment and idea depending on several items. For SBS - A lot is still not well known about the main behaviors of the specklebelly sunfishes(SBS). Regular HBG with the aggressive green sunfish(GSF) genetics do have a reputation for nipping swimmers.

Usually when BG are well fed there is minimal if any nipping of swimmers. I think that it will take several to numerous generations for the BG behavior to display itself as the gene pool becomes skewed toward BG if that even happens. Again not a lot is known yet about the later generations of SBS.

Just about every panfish including small 3"-5" YP when real hungry, starving, and over crowded will get brave enough to nibble on body parts of swimmers. GSF and regular HBG(BGXGSF) are the worst nibblers and have been known to scrape skin hard enough to draw a little blood. RES are the least likely and least reported to nibble swimmers. Girls and ladies especially really do not like this nibbling from fish. Nibbling from sunfish seems to happen most frequently when the swimmer is idle with appendages dangling in the water. When sunfish are spawning, those males guarding the nest will sometimes defensively bump swimmers wading the the nesting area.

Our two kids (son and daughter) grew up swimming with bluegill, and yes they can bite. Neither kid, nor my wife gave it much thought. I did suggest that my son could avoid some bites by wearing a girls bathing suit:) A friend's son was not so tolerant, but his twin daughters never gave it a second thought. Living in the country usually involves a little blood. We do try and avoid dripping in the house though...

Wow, thanks, that’s a lot of info to digest but definitely kept me from doing some wrong moves!

Historically my family never had trouble with plain ordinary BG nipping us while swimming. This last Summer, while doing work in the pond with BGxRES, I was nipped quite often while sitting on a piece of structure to tie a new locating float to it. I didn't get nipped while swimming or walking in the pond, just while staying still.

Theo Gallus wrote: "This last Summer, while doing work in the pond with BGxRES, I was nipped quite often while sitting on a piece of structure to tie a new locating float to it. I didn't get nipped while swimming or walking in the pond, just while staying still."

Do you think your camo swim trunks helped, or hurt, the situation?

Like I said to the fish, Bite Me.

Theo - More fish biting you now is probably just due to your being a more tasty bite treat as you have aged into finer quality meat. OR? the wrinkles are just more attractive now! Since hybrid BGXRES are supposed to be mostly male your pond just probably has more LGBQ brave fish coming out into their glory.

T flashing bright objects in his ponds is likely increasing nipping.

Now I know how Rodney Dangerfield must have felt.

T - we still love you even though you are very attractive to male bluegills.

T - Bill made this boat to avoid nipping.

Two iconic pictures!!!

King Ding-A-Ling and Cody with his Little Dinghy!!!

One of us stayed dry.