The best advise I can give is to check out some ponds close to you, identify and research those plants, and determine if you want them in your pond. Maybe even be able to transplant from neighboring pond into yours.
I am an hour south east of KC and some of my favorites are...
Bank Dwellers that get into the water just a bit,
Mud Plantain, Creeping Jenny, & Smart Weed.
Emergents (close to the bank, but still in the water),
Thalia Dealbata, Pickeral Weed, & Arrowhead.
Sumbergents,
American Pond Weed, & Hybrid Hardy Lillies.
Avoid:
Duck Weed, Watermeal, Cat Tails (maybe not depending on your opinion of them and the work they can create), Lotus, Coontail, & Hydrilla
Do your homework and know your pond. Aquatic plants are usually described by the depths of water that they typically grow in. For example, Water Primrose typically grows in water that is shallow (at the bank) up to 4 foot deep (some websites say as much as 6 foot). Most of what I've seen is shallower than 2 foot, but you have to prepare for the worst...if your pond has plenty of shallow water (less than 4 foot deep) and the Water Primrose really likes it there, It will evetnually consume those shallow areas and make bank fishing unpleasant. Typically, the more clear the water the deeper the plant will thrive.
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