Thanks for the thoughtful post. Many adaptations are pre- programmed pro-survival design responses to environmental conditions, thus occurring rapidly. There's even a type of seagull that, when blood salinity gets too high, develops an organ to help rid itself of the excess salt. When the same gull goes inland & feeds in fresh water, the organ disappears!

Standard evolutionary theory, slowly bumbling around with random mutations & natural selection, can explain some things but not this. To steal a phrase, life is not only more incredible than we imagine, it's more incredible than we can imagine.