I understand the "sum of the parts equals the whole, even in changed form" concept very well not withstanding all the chimps, mice and burgers.
Carrying capacity: Every water impoundment has a limit of how many pounds of fish it can produce naturally. This is referred to as the carrying capacity. The carrying capacity can be altered and depends on the level of management one is willing to apply to meet specific stocking objectives. The manipulation of fish, the habitat or both is called management. The lowest level of management is the production of fish based upon a pond/lake's natural carrying capacity. Production can be increased by supplementing the food chain, such as feeding a commercial fish feed and/or providing increased oxygen through aeration for higher demands and so on.
A given body of water "IN ITS CURRENT STATE" has a biological capacity to produce. This is not carrying capacity as used in fisheries science i.e. standing crop (the amount of fish the water will grow "in its current state"). A pond usually does not produce at its biologic rate long without a collapse an implosion. You can't run an engine at full speed for long without a problem. Most bodies of water run at only a % of biological capacity yet they still have a carrying capacity as defined by Fisheries Science. In a given body of water , as is, and at its normal % of its biologic productive rate, you can have X lbs of fish. You can pick up an added increment of production out of that spare capacity (still staying below 100%) by a number of ways (one of which is proper structure) depending on that body of water. See the study in my first link above.
Further water "in its current state" can and is often changed. The change is not adding energy but is making the available energy more efficient. It is done by adding the elements that are missing from the water which caused the water to not be able to produce (grow fish) at its top rate. In that body of water in its current state it has a carrying capacity of X lbs of fish , but in its changed state,, energy use is greatly enhanced and the water will support 4X lbs of fish.
There is a discussion/application of carrying capacity in this SRAC fact sheet on trout farms and benefit of water renewal to increase carrying capacity.
https://fisheries.tamu.edu/files/2019/02/SRAC_0222.pdfHow about them apples ? !!
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