As two interesting points mentioned above:
1. Brooding adults consumed. So minnow species fit this category. They can't get big enough to avoid predation and as a consequence they are most often extirpated.
2. Brooding adults live too long and grow too large. Carp and goldfish fit this category. Once they fill the carry capacity they stop reproducing very well. The carry capacity is too full of big fish that cannot be eaten by even the largest of LMB. The water is forage locked.
These are good points and interesting concepts.
1. When using small species such as minnows / shiners in a pond fishery as a purpose for long term success as forage fish, A. it is important to have have the correct amount of refuge habitat to protect some of the forage population until the next breeding cycle. When correct refuge habitat is not provided and or too many predators are present one has to periodically be purchasing more forage items such as those who are buying FHM each year. B. When using small forage species it is important to match the small size of adult forage species with the adult size of the main predator species.
2. Note - some but not all brooding adults live too long and grow too large, common fish in this group are common carp, goldfish, often gizzard shad and grass carp. Grass carp even though they do not reproduce they do IMO influence the pond's carry capacity. These are items to keep in mind when evaluating a fishery that involves carrying capacity.
