I have noticed Water Smartweed at my pond that grows on the bank (but can take some emersion) casts root shoots into the water (free floating). I think these are certainly taking nutrients from the pond. I don't know how much they consume, but regardless of their intake once winter hits and they die back, the dead plant matter is left on the bank not in the pond. And, they grow very vigorously, they even do well in red clay.
This is just an observation, I'm no expert on the subject.
Edit: I need to add that I think my smartweed is the terrestrial type, but I'm am not 100% sure. It grows in damp to muddy soil, but does seem to enter the water while not really growing from the pond floor.
Last edited by Quarter Acre; 07/28/17 02:38 PM.