I have used alot of wood pallets in my pond. Hard wood pallets will last longer than soft wood pallets. In my pond I have sunk them two ways; first I tied 5 or 6 together with nylon rope. The other way was to take four pallets and make a box open at two ends by nailing the pallets.
Lesson I learn on sinking pallets, it does not take a lot of weight to sink pallets but it does take a lot of time.
On the issue of fish getting in a pond, I remember someone posting once not to allow anyone to fish with minnows from a bait shop because trash fish can be introduced this way. What are the types of fish sold as minnows?