I don't think an aeration system is going to help you with the macrophyte (plants) and algae growth as much as reducing nutrients and not swimming in the pond would. As for controlling the plants and algae, Hydrothol granular would be a good choice for your situation. As long as used according to the label it is safe for fish, and has no restrictions on fishing, swimming or irrigation after application.

The plant you have appears to be a pondweed. Looking at the morphology I believe it's sago pondweed. This is easy to control with endothall (Hydrothol) and usually results in season long control if not longer.

Based on the size of the pond I would suggest a rate of 0.3 ppm spread evenly around the perimeter. The product will come off the granular, equilibrate/disperse and control the plants and algae. For this you'd need around 25 lbs.

Algae is a beast to control and you'll likely have to make follow-up applications to reduce densities.