Looks like your photos were addresses by Ewest and Esshup. My opinion, too, is that it's just filamentous algae (FA). You have excess nutrients and this crap is a typical byproduct. Figure out your source of the nutrients and you can work on minimizing them. In the meantime, if you don't mind the chemical approach, try some Cutrine Plus, a copper based product. Wiped out all of my FA after a few treatments this summer.