Can I siphon out my little pond into the big pond over the levee with a water hose?
IMHO the answer is "it depends." Is the little pond higher in elevation than the big pond?
For a siphon to work the target pond must be lower than the source pond. If the two ponds are close in elevation then at some point the water levels in both ponds could equalize and, accordingly, the siphon would stop. So IMHO it it going to depend on the drop in elevation between the two ponds (if any).
If there isn't much of a difference in elevation then perhaps you could rent a "trash" pump and pump the water from one pond to another.