Theo and Bo,
Thanks for the explanation! I've never hit water when we built my two ponds but shortly after digging, you could see moist ground about a foot or two below grade. Other than the typical evaporation during summer, I don't have a problem with the water levels in my ponds.
Theo, the "cover it and pray" was a compilation of Bob's post (fill and pack) and Tom's post (I am still praying).
Thanks again for the education.