I am sure digging is best. I was just going for easier, but still worked.
If you get them 100%, does that give you a longer window before they re-establish in your pond?
Probably. Also makes it manageable to the eliminate the smaller clumps that do reestablish.
It will be a constant battle. I don't have any that I can see within 1/2 mile of here but I am still pulling individual volunteers every year that start to grow in the pond. Maybe seeds on the wind? I honestly don't know.