Forgive my ignorance but i could really use help in both areas. A link to a diagram or explanation on how the standard cold weather siphon system works would be good for us to get the typical install plan under our belt.

Then tell us how your system works. It looks like in the pictures there are several variations on your system(s) based on how the pipes travel either vertical from the bottom of the pond or lay horizontally in the pond, plus, can't tell what is going on in all of those buried couplings and vents.