Pond Boss Forums AQUATIC VEGETATION Balance of plants in the environment OK, here's a tough question.

Your "tough" question needs a specialist in botany, preferably an aquatic macrophyte specialist - likely a botany professor. There should be some sort of research study that determines the nutrient consumption by spadderdock. I find it hard to believe that a journal article does not exist for this topic. I would start by locating an experienced aquatic macrophyte botanist or biologist.