Fountains have there place beyond aesthetics, but they are not the best for aerating the water in typical scenarios. Smaller shallow ponds can see good benefits from the fountains, but the most effective/efficient way to aerate a pond that I have read about relies on air diffusers driven by an air pump. A 1 acre pond would need at least 4 diffusers driven by, for example, a 1/4 hp rotary vane pump. 6 to 9 diffusers may be more appropriate for 1 acre ponds with hot summers or odd shapes. This pushes the pump size up too (3/4 hp).

I would definitely do some cast netting, seining, trapping, and fishing to determine the size classes of trash fish (and others) you have and their abundance. Ponds can be turned around by stocking predators that are large enough to not be eaten themselves, but this takes years. Like others have said...draining/nuking the pond and stocking from scratch should yield the fastest results.


Fish on!,
Noel