Matt, I'm still fairly new to all this, so take this with a grain of salt...

I bet you'll get a lot of 'it all depends' type of answers, since there are trillions of variables in any pond ecosystem.

One consideration as you mentioned is having plenty of food, because obviously if the forage base is depleted, your bass will stop growing and in extreme cases start to wither away (get skinnier). I've actually seen this happen in my pond, since we didn't manage it at all and let it be predator (LMB) overcrowded for probably at least 15 years, so our bass currently top out at about 11" and are very skinny although they're all probably quite old fish. If a pond is managed well to keep the forage base heavy and predators in lower numbers, those predators should keep growing until they reach a size where they're quite big and the forage fish are too small for them, so they have to burn way too many calories just to get a little snack. At that point, your bigger bass might hit a limit even if there's an infinite supply of little forage fish. I.e., to reach the biggest possible size, a bass needs to be growing at full throttle for its entire life, and this only happens if it has an abundant supply of the right size of foods during each stage of its life (so the bass as a baby needs plenty of little sized food, but the bass as a 5-6 pounder would need plenty of rather large sized food to keep growing fast). You'll see this referred to as Optimal Foraging Theory.

Another consideration is length of the growing season (warmness of climate), so you in Florida could in theory grow some bigger bass than I could here in PA due to you having a warmer climate, since there's a longer portion of the year when the water's warm enough for the bass to be active and feeding hard.

Those are just a couple considerations, but I'm sure others will jump in.