I do expect that if you do try to shoot them you would be lucky that the shock-wave would stun them. I can imagine the projectile will do much at all. When trapping muskrat and not wanting to put a hole in the pelt we would take a 22 along. If there was a rat swimming we would shoot the water in front of them or under their head. The shock-wave would knock them out and they would drown.

With the carp I would use a 12 gauge slug Hornady SST slug. It would give the largest shock-wave you can generate in the water. That should KO them. You want to be as straight down as you can or know your target at beyond because these will skip off the water.

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7/8th of an acre, Perch only pond, Ontario, Canada.