If you get lots of snow cover for several weeks to a month at a time with no thaw to remove snow off the ice consider making the pond deeper to minimize fish winter kill especially as the pond gets older as in 10-30 yrs. Having this deeper water becomes even more critical if the pond will receive organic materials such as tree leaves or accumulating dead aquatic plants which consume lots of dissolved oxygen as they decay during winter under darkend conditions of ice-snow cover. With snow cover, in my opinion it is much more important to have the deeper water and less surface area compared to shallower 10-12 ft and more surface area. Consider having a basin that is 15' sloping to 18' or 20'ft deep. Think long term life of the pond for generations to come (50-100yrs) not just the immediate future. For the deep basin it should be 15%-30% of the surface area. Thus a 5 acre pond should have a deep basin that it about 1 acre big. It would also be good if the pond was close enough to electricity so it could be eventually aerated with an appropriate electric compressor system. Preplanning is important, so do it before the contract is signed and the contractor arrives. Consider buying the great Pond Boss pond planning book: "Perfect Pond Want One?" See link.
http://www.pondboss.com/store.asp?c=8


A pond built either way could have LMB-chain pickerel or SMB-Walleye. Two predators will require lots of 'appropriate' fish as food if you want the predators to grow well. Just because pickerel and walleye are toothy doesn't mean they will eat BG well. They actually prefer to eat small bass and larger shiners or perch. If the pickerel start spawning in the pond it could easily develop lots of "hammer handles".
SMB and Walleye do not do well on a diet of BG. Forage could be shiners, minnows and yellow perch. BG or pumpkinseed sunfish could work for the LMB-pickerel combination. It has been proven here that SMB do not do well with sunfishes unless it is just redears but not BG and maybe pumkinseeds. The link above "SMB post" provides lots of stocking advice.
IF a stream flow will add water to the pond this will cause numerous management headaches. Try hard to avoid stream imputs.

Last edited by Bill Cody; 08/01/12 09:13 PM.

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