Fairly new info from a large study in Ala strongly indicated that 3 years out 10 to 1 will not result in a balanced pond but one headed toward LMB overpopulation. These were recreational ponds with various levels of mgt. The key is the manual approach is based on harvest for food of substantial amounts of fish. Without that harvest at 10 to 1 you will get an unbalanced pond.Results of the study indicated at 15 to 1 you will likely start toward unbalanced in year 3 without mgt.

PB mag several issues back (Cutting Edge) discussed the study.