Lots of ice (month and a half, up to a foot or so thick) with a lot of snow on it much of the time.
Proper aeration would have prevented the problem IMHO, but the windmill didn't cut it this Winter. There was a hole open most of the time, but not very big compared with previous Winters. My windmill's diaphragm has since bit the big one (got 6 years out of it - can't complain); who knows, it may have been sub-optimum last Winter.